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Théorie de la connaissance.

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Théorie de la connaissance --- Philosophie de l'histoire

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Some key aspects of contemporary epistemology deserve to be challenged, and How to Know does just that. This book argues that several long-standing presumptions at the heart of the standard analytic conception of knowledge are false, and defends an alternative, a practicalist conception of knowledge : - Presents a philosophically original conception of knowledge, at odds with some central tenets of analytic epistemology. - Offers a dissolution of epistemology’s infamous Gettier problem — explaining why the supposed problem was never really a problem in the first place. - Defends an unorthodox conception of the relationship between knowledge-that and knowledge-how, understanding knowledge-that as a kind of knowledge-how.

Knowledge, Theory of. --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Théorie de la connaissance.

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Epistemology, or “the theory of knowledge,” is concerned with how we know what we know, what justifies us in believing what we believe, and what standards of evidence we should use in seeking truths about the world and human experience. This comprehensive introduction to the field of epistemology explains the concepts and theories central to understanding knowledge. Along with covering the traditional topics of the discipline in detail, Epistemology explores emerging areas of research. The third edition features new sections on such topics as the nature of intuition, the skeptical challenge of rational disagreement, and “the value problem” – the range of questions concerning why knowledge and justified true belief have value beyond that of merely true belief. Updated and expanded, Epistemology remains a superb introduction to one of the most fundamental fields of philosophy. Special features of the third edition of Epistemology include: 1-a comprehensive survey of basic concepts, major theories, and emerging research in the field. 2-enhanced treatment of key topics such as contextualism, perception (including perceptual content), scientific hypotheses, self-evidence and the a priori, testimony, understanding, and virtue epistemology. 3-expanded discussion of the relation between epistemology and related fields, especially philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, and ethics. 4-increased clarity and ease of understanding for an undergraduate audience. 5-an updated list of key literature and annotated bibliography.

Theory of knowledge --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Philosophy --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Thought and thinking. --- Épistémologie. --- Théorie de la connaissance.

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La notion de théorie est une notion centrale pour la philosophie des sciences. Les philosophes des sciences anglosaxons en ont proposé une analyse détaillée, qui a fait l'objet de nombreux débats tout au long du vingtième siècle. Cet ouvrage est un examen critique des différentes tentatives de définition de la notion de théorie qui ont été proposées La thèse principale de l'auteur est que ces différentes définitions reposent sur une erreur fondamentale, qui consiste à vouloir distinguer le contenu de la théorie de sa formulation. Pour montrer qu'une telle entreprise est vouée à l'échec, l'auteur étudie principalement le cas de la mécanique classique, dont il existe plusieurs formulations (Newton 1643-1727, Lagrange 1736-1813, Hamilton 1805-1865), et montre que les outils formels des philosophes des sciences ne permettent pas de rendre compte de l'identité de cette théorie.

Mechanics --- Science --- Physics --- Philosophy --- History. --- Sciences --- Théorie de la connaissance --- Philosophie des sciences --- Mécanique --- Fondements --- Philosophie --- Aspect cognitif